what if titanic hit the iceberg head on

It does not store any personal data. Would Titanic survived if it hit the iceberg head on? color: #151515; Thomas Andrews wasn't just any passenger on the Titanic - the Irishman was its architect. How did the Titanic survive the Titanic accident? So I dont believe it would have sunk. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. They examined rivets brought up from the wreck and found them to contain a high concentration of slag, a smelting residue that can make metal split apart. No one has found human remains, according to the company that owns the salvage rights. Scientific discovery can be unexpected and full of chance surprises. If the ship had hit the berg head on, Titanic probably would have survived because of the strength of its bulkheads. The most notable damage was to the bow of the ship which was ripped open. } The second study, by British historian Tim Maltin, claimed that atmospheric conditions on the night of the disaster might have caused a phenomenon called super refraction. So a wider view needs to be taken. Yes - Titanic probably could have survived an impact with the iceberg if she hit head-on! Yes - Titanic probably could have survived an impact with the iceberg if she hit head-on! If the ship had hit the iceberg head-on therefore, its predicted that only the first three or four watertight compartments would have been flooded, a less severe alternative to what actually happened. What created the myth of the unsinkable . When a ship hits an iceberg head on, all the force would be transferred back to the ship, so it wouldn't have ripped open, but crumpled round, so only 2-3 compartments would have been breached. to you. Could the Titanic have been saved after it hit the iceberg? Clive Bull Secondly, photographs of Titanics sister ship, the RMS Olympic, taken after it collided with another vessel in 1911, clearly show dozens of vacant holes in the hull from which rivets popped. In the aftermath of the accident, some people argued that if the ship had not tried to maneuver a turn at the last moment but had instead continued on its original course, fewer lives would have been lost. Whilst doing so helped the ship not to go forwards, its location in front of the rudder further crippled the handling of the ship. When a ship hits an iceberg head on, all the force would be transferred back to the ship, so it wouldn't have ripped open, but crumpled round, so only 2-3 compartments would have been breached. An abrupt stop would have thrown people against cabins or berths, and since it was night and most passengers were asleep, they would have had absolutely no chance of bracing against the impact; they would have been flung into the things in their immediate vicinity. On her inaugural voyage, on the night of April 14, 1912, the ship hit the iceberg around 11:40 p.m. and sank in a little more than two and a half hours. What if the Titanic had hit the iceberg head on? If Titanic hadn't collided with the iceberg, she would . Most everyone assumed the iceberg had torn . color: #151515; How long are WhatsApp messages stored on the server? First published in 1912, Jay Henry Mowbray's Sinking of the Titanic was hugely influential in the aftermath of the maritime disaster, recording the harrowing, first-hand accounts of the survivors - from sailors, to stewards, to passengers - throughout the ordeal, from when the iceberg first hit to when the Carpathia eventually arrived, and honoring those who were lost on that fateful night . Answer (1 of 7): They saw it, seconds before it hit the ship. Four years later she survived the sinking of its sister ship, Britannic, after it hit a sea mine and sank. Midnight Watertight compartments are filling; water begins to spill over the tops of the transverse bulkheads. The contact with this iceberg was the contact Many people died due to hypothermia or drowning after being trapped on board Titanic when it sank. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Why Is The Wreck Of RMS Titanic Disappearing? What would happen if the Titanic didnt hit the iceberg? Helping support the rivet theory are two bits of supporting evidence. Copyright 2023 Quick-Advices | All rights reserved. Due to the chaos that ensued after the Titanic struck an iceberg, the 20 . These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. It was built to survive with 4 compartments breached. What would happen if the Titanic hit the iceberg straight on. Academia.edu, Would The Titanic Have Sunk If It Didn't Try To Avoid - LBC. They were erected as a precaution against such an event as happened to the RMS Republic in 1909. LONDON: Nearly a century after the sinking of the Titanic, a new study claims that an officer in charge on the bridge could have prevented the tragedy had he acted timely on a warning seconds before the ship struck an iceberg. The iceberg sliced through six. The average lifespan of an iceberg in the North Atlantic typically is two to three years from calving to melting. Secondly, the Titanic wasnt build correctly, creating a structural flaw. #fca_qc_quiz_47869.fca_qc_quiz div.fca_qc_question_response_item p { 1912-1985 the official narrative (hit an iceberg and went down intact within two hours) discounted eye witnesses testimony that reported . If Titanic hadnt collided with the iceberg, she would probably have fared no different. The bow of the RMS Titanic on the ocean floor as seen during a June 2004 expedition. ) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. Lock If only one or two of the compartments had been opened, >Titanic</i> might have stayed afloat, but when so many . We know two watches were The compartments of such bulkheads were more or less like the crumple zones of modern vehicles, meaning that they absorbed most of the energy of the impact following a collision. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. That means it likely broke off from Greenland in 1910 or 1911, and was gone forever by the end of 1912 or sometime in 1913. The idea that the ship should have maintained its course and rammed into the iceberg head-on to minimize damages is far from plausible and is also scientifically inaccurate. If Iron Loses Its Magnetism At High Temperatures, How Is Earths Core Magnetic? price. Here is a video showing how the collision actually happened: Also Read: Why Didnt The Passengers Of The Titanic Climb Aboard The Iceberg To Save Themselves From The Sinking Ship? This means that whenever you If only four of the Titanic's watertight compartments had been breached, it would have stayed afloat. 3 Problems With A Head-on Collision; No. Why Did The Titanic Hit The Iceberg Sideways Instead Of Head-on? Is it possible that a German submarine sank the Titanic? T. Foecke/NIST. The ship instantly filled with water and roughly two hours later actually . This condition according to National Geographics Richard A. Lovett was also the closest lunar approach between the moon and Earth since A.D. 796, with this rarity being attributed to causing the ship to cross paths with a fatal iceberg which could have been avoided if the ship had sailed towards its destination at another time. #fca_qc_quiz_47869.fca_qc_quiz a:not( .fca_qc_share_link ), When the ship hit the iceberg at 11.40 p.m., it also sank in the middle of the night., contributing to the chilly temperatures of just 39F (4 degrees Celsius) in the air and 28 degrees F (-2 . As the ship had collision bulkheads in the bow, it would most likely have survived . Materials scientists Tim Foecke and Jennifer Hooper McCarty have cast blame on the more than 3 million rivets that held the hulls steel plates together. background-color: #dbdbdb; The momentum of the ship would have crushed in the bows for 80 or perhaps 100 feet., 20277: You mean the firemen in their quarters?, Yes, down below. The reason it sunk was because it tried to go around and scraped five compartments. going fast?, I am old enough to remember that case, but I am afraid my memory is not good enough. Mr. Laing: The ArizonaI remember it. The Witness: The Arizona, my Lord., 20276: (Mr. Rowlatt) You said it would have killed At 11:40 pm, the lookout in the crow's nest, Frederick Fleet, spotted an iceberg right ahead of Titanic and alerted the bridge. starboarded there would have been a chance of the If the ship had hit the berg head on, Titanic probably would have survived because of the strength of its bulkheads. The disaster not only shocked the world . These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. } The White Star Line ship hit an iceberg off the coast of Nova Scotia on April 14th, 1912. Modern warning systems plus radar and a better sense of oceanography make it unlikely that a ship could be lost at seawith hundreds or even thousands deadin 2012. The ocean liner RMS Titanic collided with an iceberg on April 14, 1912. } If the iceberg had not been there, it is likely that the Titanic would have made it to New York City. What Was Found At The Top Of The Grand Canyon? Is The African Continent Splitting In Two? From malfunctioning propellers to optical illusions, here are some of the alternative theories that use the latest scientific research to establish how the ship could have avoided this disaster: RMS Titanic had three steam-driven propellers, which were more advantageous as they were smaller and more efficient. The Titanic hit an iceberg head on, causing the ship to sink in just over two hours. It was even described as unsinkable. Due to the size and speed of the Titanic it was not able to avoid the iceberg. No one has found human remains, according to the company that owns the salvage rights. All Rights Reserved. Posted by timmaltin. If the Titanic had rammed head-on into the iceberg, it would have come to a halt almost immediately; just think of what it feels like when you see a car swerving in front of you, and you suddenly step on the brakes. Lyndsee Johnson from Ohio got caught in Hurricane . Materials scientists Tim Foecke and Jennifer Hooper McCarty have cast blame on the more than 3 million rivets that held the hulls steel plates together. But in real life, it actually . It turns out that raising the Titanic would be about as futile as rearranging the deck chairs on the doomed vessel. The afterpart of the iceberg also damaged Titanics hull, as well as her main engines and boilers. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Your email address will not be published. The actual damage could not have resulted in the flooding that overwhelmed Titanics watertight compartments. Cruise-goers reveal their most terrifying incidents at sea - from watching a ferocious TORNADO spin up beside the boat to hitting an ICEBERG. Moreover, the impact would have flooded the first three or at most four watertight compartments. Where was the Dayton peace agreement signed? The first two compartments would have flooded for sure but the ship would have remained afloat as it was designed to withstand up to four of the compartments in certain circumstances. 1:20 a.m. Titanic struck a North Atlantic iceberg at 11:40 PM in the evening of 14 April 1912 at a speed of 20.5 knots (23.6 MPH). At one point, frustrated, the wireless operator told the Californian, another ship nearby, to "shut up" and stop talking about icebergs. The berg scraped along the starboard or right side of the hull below the waterline, slicing open the hull between five of the adjacent watertight compartments. Lookouts spot the iceberg 1/4 mile ahead. the RMS Titanic hit an iceberg and sank to a watery grave, killing 1,514 passengers. #fca_qc_quiz_47869.fca_qc_quiz{ This title would be lost in June 1913 to the new Hamburg-American Lines SS Imperator. background-color: #58afa2; Name: Blair, Basildon Qualification: Former Merchant Navy Sailor Answer: Thats wrong it would probably have survived. The novella was published 14 years before the sinking of the Titanic on April 14th, 1912. 110 years ago today, The RMS Titanic hit an iceberg and sank into the Atlantic ocean. The bow likely would have crumped pretty bad, like most of the way to the first bulkhead or more. on the web. Your email address will not be published. READ MORE: Why Did the Titanic Sink? Again, in different circumstances where the conditions for the illusion were not present the ship would have been able to see the upcoming obstacle and act accordingly. #fca_qc_quiz_47869.fca_qc_quiz div:not( .correct-answer ):not( .wrong-answer ){ One hundred years ago, the "unsinkable" Titani. He spearheads the content and editorial wing of ScienceABC and manages its official Youtube channel. On the night of April 14th 1912, only a few days into the voyage, the site of the iceberg was exposed for the fist time. What was Scrub Daddy originally made for? It hit the front part and flooded the first 5 compartments within minutes. A man may make a mistake and be very far from being negligent?, 20275: Do you think that if the helm had not been 22 knots an hour?. Yes. 20267: I gather to resist such a contact as that you could not build any plates strong enough, as plates? Andrews' purpose for traveling on the ship's maiden voyage was to make observations and offer suggestions for improvement. The ship . It is estimated that if the iceberg had hit the Titanic at a different angle, more than people may have died. If the ship had hit the iceberg head-on therefore, it's predicted that, No matter what caused the Titanic to sink, such a massive loss of life could probably have been avoided if. What if Titanic missed the iceberg? If the Titanic hadnt sunk, it would likely have taken another similar disaster to put that lifesaving policy into effect. The iceberg ripped along below the waterline like a can opener for about 300 feet. When a ship hits an iceberg head on, all the force would be transferred back to the ship, so it wouldn't have ripped open, but crumpled round, so only 2-3 compartments would have been breached. I am rather interested about that. #fca_qc_quiz_47869.fca_qc_quiz p:not( .fca_qc_back_response ):not( #fca_qc_question_right_or_wrong ):not( .fca_qc_question_response_correct_answer ):not( .fca_qc_question_response_response ):not( .fca_qc_question_response_hint ):not( .fca_qc_question_response_item p ), She sank . background-color: #8dc8bf; What Is The Evolutionary Purpose Of Boredom? The Titanic had two lookouts who were located in the crows nest, 29 meters about the deck, neither of which had binoculars. A locked padlock A bulkhead is an upright wall within the hull of a ship to divide compartments to avoid flooding. 23.6 MPH. #fca_qc_quiz_47869.fca_qc_quiz div.fca_qc_answer_div.fakehover, However, when the hull of the ship collided with the iceberg, the shipbuilder knew Titanic's fate was . color: #151515; Still, it is definitely not one of them. If the Titanic hadn't sunk, it would likely have taken another similar disaster to put that lifesaving policy into effect. Sometimes, resurrecting relics from the tragic chapters of history is about as fanciful as getting pigs to fly. } If the centre propeller had been designed to keep working when in reverse, its likely that the Titanic would have avoided the iceberg completely. Atlantic steamer, some 34 years ago, did go stem on #fca_qc_quiz_47869.fca_qc_quiz button.fca_qc_button:hover { What would happen if the Titanic didn't hit the iceberg? If the ship had hit the berg head on, Titanic probably would have survived. Read about the . of a body weighing 50,000 tons moving at the rate of }. Take your own here and learn something new and perhaps surprising. } On the fateful day of 14 April 1912, the RMS Titanic, a luxury passenger ship described as unsinkable, collided with an iceberg, causing an accident of catastrophic proportions. for sites to earn commissions by linking to Amazon. This finding strongly suggested that Titanics collision with the iceberg caused the rivet heads to break off, popped the fasteners from their holes and allowed water to rush in between the separated hull plates. J ust before midnight on April 14, 1912, the RMS Titanic struck an iceberg and sank on her maiden voyage claiming the lives of 1,496 passengers and crew. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". This title would be lost in June 1913 to the new Hamburg-American Lines SS Imperator. 107 #52: If Titanic had rammed the iceberg head-on, she would have survived. What would have happened if the Titanic hit the iceberg head-on? down there., 20278: Do you mean at the boilers? Oh, no, they would scarcely have felt the shock., The Commissioner: Any person, fireman or anybody else, who happened to be in that 100 feet, would probably never have been seen again? 20279: (Mr. Rowlatt) The third class passengers are there too, I think, some of them?, I do not think there are any third class passengers forward of the second bulkhead, and I believe she would have stopped before the second bulkhead was damaged. I think a lot of that would depend on how big the iceberg actually was. Hundreds of lives were lost, accompanied by a massive loss of property. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. When a ship hits an iceberg head on, all the force would be transferred back to the ship, so it wouldnt have ripped open, but crumpled round, so only 2-3 compartments would have been breached. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Ships that hit harbour walls are at an angle under the water, so that the boat hits the wall, long before the bow hits, forcing it upwards and stopping it sinking. Bird Strike: What Happens When A Bird Strikes An Aircraft? But the companys plan to retrieve the ships iconic radio equipment has sparked a debate: Could the worlds most famous shipwreck still hold remains of passengers and crew who died a century ago? It created a long thin opening that allowed water to pour into the Titanic. After the accident, experts from all over the world examined the entire episode with surgical precision. However, the sinking was a "perfect storm" (in calm seas) of COCK-UPS. TRUE. No. In real history, the R.M.S. How do you win an academic integrity case? When a ship hits an iceberg head on, all the force would be transferred back to the ship, so it wouldn't have ripped open, but crumpled round, so only 2-3 compartments would have been breached. The collision bulkheads on the bow of the Titanic were designed to survive a collision with another ship, but not an iceberg! The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". The colossal cruise liner had been built with bulkheads in its bow in the event of a collision. The bow of the RMS Titanic on the ocean floor as seen during a June 2004 expedition. The Titanic missed the warnings about the iceberg that day for multiple reasons. When you hit an iceberg, the ship below the water will hit the iceberg before the ship above the water line, so it would divert it off its course its not like hitting a brick wall head-on. Why Don't They Have Parachutes For Passengers In Commercial Planes? When did Titanic hit the iceberg sideways instead of head on? } In any case while a ship striking the bottom of the ocean does make a sound and Titanic's hitting the bottom would have been picked up by the U.S. Navy today (or 30 years ago) that sound doesn't transfer well to air and humans can't detect it above or below water or feel it as vibration. What if Titanic hit the iceberg head on? When a ship hits an iceberg head on, all the force would be transferred back to the ship, so it wouldnt have ripped open, but crumpled round, so only 2-3 compartments would have been breached. Modern warning systems plus radar and a better sense of oceanography make it unlikely that a ship could be lost at seawith hundreds or even thousands deadin 2012. Credit: The outbreak of World War I in 1914 meant that the Titanic, like its sister ships the Britannic and the Olympic, would probably have been requisitioned for the war effort. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Required fields are marked *. She probably would have done, as one of Titanics designers, Edward Wilding, explained in the following fascinating exchange at the British Inquiry: 20266: Perhaps I ought to put this general question Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. border-radius: 2px; Do you mean to say that if this ship had driven on to the iceberg stem on she would have been saved?, I am quite sure she would, My Lord. If the Titanic were to collide with the iceberg a stationary, mammoth object most of the energy of the impact would have to be absorbed by the ship, which would have only made matters worse. #fca_qc_quiz_47869.fca_qc_quiz button.fca_qc_next_question { The disaster . . Qualification: Genius of Titanic proportions. TRUE. Murdoch ordered the engines to stop, and reverse. What Happens If You Try To Shoot Down A Nuclear Missile Mid-Air? This means the iceberg that sank the Titanic "likely broke off from Greenland in 1910 or 1911, and was gone forever by the end of 1912 or sometime in 1913." Why didnt the Titanic avoid the iceberg? However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. [insert object name]) in real life to get things done. Required fields are marked *. The idea that the ship would have survived if it had crashed head-on into the iceberg is therefore crazy; there are several claims and hypotheses that suggest a variety of approaches that could have reduced, if not completely avoided, the severity of the tragic wreck of the RMS Titanic. (James OBrien: Ive no idea who is right you both sound convincing. When you hit an iceberg, the ship below the water will hit the iceberg before the ship above the water line, so it would divert it off its course its not like hitting a brick wall head-on. ship being saved?, I believe the ship would have been saved, and I The bow pitches; water floods through anchor-chain holes. A 46,000 ton ship traveling 22 knots hits an iceberg weighing a minimum of 100,000 tons, the collision would create a powerful force that causes incredible destruction. background-color: #3c7d73; Besides: even if the Titanic's maiden voyage had been successful, If only four of the Titanic's watertight compartments had been breached, it would have stayed afloat. If the ship had hit the iceberg head-on therefore, its predicted that only the first three or four watertight compartments would have been flooded, a less severe alternative to what actually happened. #fca_qc_quiz_47869.fca_qc_quiz div.fca_qc_question_response_item.correct-answer { The largest ocean liner in service at the time, Titanic had an estimated 2,224 people on board when she struck an iceberg at around 23:40. . #fca_qc_quiz_47869.fca_qc_quiz div.fca_qc_answer_div:active { Is it possible, just possible, that a German submarine, rather than an iceberg, sank the mighty Titanic? As it would take a considerable length, 80 or 100 feet to bring up, it is not a shock, it is a pressure that lasts three or four seconds, five seconds perhaps, and whilst it is a big pressure it is not in the nature of a sharp blow. 20281: (The Commissioner) It would, I suppose, have shot everybody in the ship out of their berths?, I very much doubt it, My Lord. 20282: At 22 1/2 knots an hour, and being pulled up quite suddenly?, Not quite suddenly, My Lord. What impact can gender roles have on consumer behaviour? 11:40 The Titanic sideswipes the iceberg, damaging nearly 300 feet of the hull. The idea that the ship would have survived if it had crashed head-on into the iceberg is therefore crazy; there are several claims and hypotheses that suggest a variety of approaches that could have reduced, if not completely avoided, the severity of the tragic wreck of the RMS Titanic. The outbreak of World War I in 1914 meant that the Titanic, like its sister ships the Britannic and the Olympic, would probably have been requisitioned for the war effort. This contact seems to have been a particularly light one. 20268: Light?, Yes, light, because we have heard the evidence that lots of people scarcely felt it. 20269: You mean it did not strike a fair blow?, If she struck it a fair blow I think we should have heard a great deal more about the severity of it, and probably the ship would have come into harbour if she had struck it a fair blow, instead of going to the bottom. 20270: You think that?, I am quite sure of it. 20271: (The Commissioner.) 2:00 #fca_qc_quiz_47869.fca_qc_quiz div.fca-qc-back.correct-answer, The colossal cruise liner had been built with bulkheads in its bow in the event of a collision. Ismay insisted upon it. https://www.patreon.com/oceanlinerdesigns Oceanliner Designs explores the design, construction, engineering and operation of historys great ocean liners from Titanic to Queen Mary but not forgetting the likes of Empress of Ireland or Chusan. Captain Edward Smith Responsible For Sinking The Titanic | Titanic. The Pennsylvania State University, Downright Titanic Conspiracy Theories - Academia.edu. The Titanic was a luxury British steamship that sank in the early hours of April 15, 1912 after striking an iceberg, leading to the deaths of more than 1,500 passengers and crew. #fca_qc_quiz_47869.fca_qc_quiz button.fca_qc_next_question:hover { Answer: That's wrong - it would probably have survived. Captain Smith was responsible for over 2,200 passengers and more than 1,200 were killed that fateful night of April 14. But the companys plan to retrieve the ships iconic radio equipment has sparked a debate: Could the worlds most famous shipwreck still hold remains of passengers and crew who died a century ago? How do you let go of someone who doesnt want you. Can the Constitution be changed by the president? When a ship hits an iceberg head on, all the force would be transferred back to the ship, so it wouldn't have ripped open, but crumpled round, so only 2-3 compartments would have been breached. or I am afraid she would have killed every fireman down in the firemens quarters, but I feel sure the ship would have come in. 20272: And the passengers would not have been lost?, The passengers would have come in. 20273: Then do you think it was an error of judgmentto starboard the helm?, I do not by any means say it was a negligent act at all. It was a 1 in 1000 hit too. First, sonar mapping of Titanics starboard hull buried in the ocean floor revealed only six thin tears from the iceberg with a total area open to the sea of only one square meter (12 square feet), or less than that of two sidewalk squares. Answer a few questions based and assess your understanding. color: #151515; Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. am strengthened in that belief by the case which Secure .gov websites use HTTPS The process of super light refraction which occurred caused miraging, which is where the light is bent, which was recorded by other ships in the area at the time and prevented the Titanic from seeing the imminent iceberg it was about to hit. When a ship hits an iceberg head on, all the force would be transferred back to the ship, so it wouldn't have ripped open, but crumpled round, so only 2-3 compartments would have been breached. Orange was attempting to annoy the Titanic before it hit the iceberg that sank it in real life. As the myth goes, the Titanic was touted as unsinkable by the press and White Star Line's management. When a ship hits an iceberg head on, all the force would be transferred back to the ship, so it wouldn't have ripped open, but crumpled round, so Menu Search for ScienceABC participates in the Amazon This was the side that had struck the iceberg off of Newfoundland 100 years ago on April 14,1912. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Three small dogs, two Pomeranians and a Pekingese, survived the Titanic disaster cradled in their owners arms as they climbed into lifeboats. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". all the firemen?, I am afraid she would have crumpled up in stopping herself. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. into an iceberg and did come into port, and she was On the fateful day of 14 April 1912, the RMS Titanic, a luxury passenger ship described as "unsinkable," collided with an . Credit: For a few years I thought that the Titanic would have survived if she had hit the Iceberg head-on. This dispelled the long-believed myth that the iceberg ripped a 90-meter (300-foot) gash in the side of the ship. 50. #fca_qc_quiz_47869.fca_qc_quiz button.fca_qc_button { Violet helped women and children into lifeboats until she herself was given a baby to look after and ordered into lifeboat 16. . 50. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. She could float with any two compartments open amidships, but with four (technically five if you count the very peak) of the forward compartments. If the Titanic hadn't sunk, it would likely have taken another similar disaster to put that lifesaving policy into effect.

what if titanic hit the iceberg head on 2023