On December 8, the Florida justices, by a 43 vote, rejected the selective use of manual recounts in just four counties and ordered immediate manual recounts of all ballots in the state where no vote for president had been machine-recorded, also known as undervotes. Cunningham estimated the number of Buchanan supporters in Palm Beach County to be between 400 and 500. Please select which sections you would like to print: Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Gore won 11, including three that elected Republicans. Meanwhile, the Bush campaign worked to stop the recount. Florida's secretary of state, Katherine Harris, a Republican, then gave counties until 2:00p.m. on November 15 to provide reasons for recounting their ballots. George W.. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The organization analyzed 171,908 ballots (60,647 undervotes and 111,261 overvotes), 3102 less than the later NORC study. The project ended up using a sample that was 1,333 votes fewer than the expected total of votes, with most of the variation in Votomatic overvotes, the ballots least likely to yield votes in a recount. . what was harriet tubman beat know for? Cantal Asia? The Bush campaign appealed the decision, and the US Supreme Court agreed to hear the case. Specifically, the use of different standards of counting in different counties violated the Equal Protection Clause of the U.S. Constitution. Rick Scott did the same for the Senate seat. Expert Answers. However, Kohut noted it might also mean that a disproportionate number of these Democratic-leaning groups were voting early, or that a disproportionate number were being represented in the exit polls. [4], An analysis of the NORC data by University of Pennsylvania researcher Steven F. Freeman and journalist Joel Bleifuss concluded that, no matter what standard is used, after a recount of all uncounted votes, Gore would have been the victor. Numerous local court rulings went both ways, some ordering recounts because the vote was so close and others declaring that a selective manual recount in a few heavily Democratic counties would be unfair. Engelhardt, Joel and Elliot Jaspin and Christine Stapleton. Gore received the most votes, with 48.4% of the popular vote compared to 47.9% for Bush. Copyright 2023 Center for the National Interest All Rights Reserved. ET on their election night specials, the national networks were calling populous swing states such as Pennsylvania and Michigan for Gore. According to a massive months-long study commissioned by eight news organizations in 2001, George W. Bush probably still would have won even if the U.S. Supreme Court had allowed a limited statewide recount to go forward as ordered by Floridas highest court. "But," it said, "Gore could not have won without a hand count of overvote ballots, something that he did not request.". Following the machine recount, the Gore campaign requested a manual recount in four counties. ", "THE 2000 CAMPAIGN: THE VOTERS; Independents and the Elderly Lift Gore in Florida, Poll Says", "2000 Presidential General Election Results", "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections County Data", Florida Recounts Would Have Favored Bush But Study Finds Gore Might Have Won Statewide Tally of All Uncounted Ballots., Category: Books about the 2000 United States presidential election, Florida election recount and legal proceedings, Bush v. Palm Beach County Canvassing Board, Unprecedented: The 2000 Presidential Election, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2000_United_States_presidential_election_in_Florida&oldid=1138104961, 2000 United States presidential election by state, United States presidential elections in Florida, Articles containing potentially dated statements from November 2020, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles to be expanded from November 2021, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 8 February 2023, at 01:40. As the Electoral College vote took shape on election night, with the results piling up from around the country, it was clear the vote in Florida was going to determine not only the winner of that state's 25 electoral votes but the next occupant of the Oval Office. The results of this tally were to be added to the November 26 tally. The Florida Supreme Court clarified its ruling on this matter while the United States Supreme Court was deliberating Bush v. Gore. Although Baker had not been prominent in the younger Bush's campaign, he stepped in at the crucial moment in Florida. Initially, Florida had been considered fertile territory for Republicans. However, his presence as governor in Florida did help George W. Bush a lot. Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris's certification of the election results was thus upheld, allowing Florida's electoral votes to be cast for Bush, making him president-elect. Ultimately, the contest focused on Florida. Couldn't they have just redone the entire election? [15], On December 13, Gore conceded the election to Bush in a nationally televised address. The Gore campaign requested that disputed ballots in Miami-Dade, Broward, Palm Beach and Volusia Counties be counted by hand. The presidential election of November 7, 2000 was one of the most memorable - and controversial - in the history of the United States. The campaign Bush v. Gore, legal case, decided on December 12, 2000, in which the Supreme Court of the United States reversed an order by the Florida Supreme Court for a selective manual recount of that states U.S. presidential election ballots. About 19,000 ballots were spoiled because of overvotes (two votes in the same race), compared to 3000 in 1996. [37] Such a statewide review including all uncounted votes was a tangible possibility, as Leon County Circuit Court Judge Terry Lewis, whom the Florida Supreme Court had assigned to oversee the statewide recount, had scheduled a hearing for December 13 (mooted by the U.S. Supreme Court's final ruling on December 12) to consider including overvotes. The presidential election that took place on November 7, 2000, was so close that no one knew for more than a month who had won the election of 2000: Texas Governor George W. Bush (R), or Vice President Al Gore (D). That study was conducted by a group that included the Miami Herald, USA Today and Knight Ridder newspapers. With Bush at 246 electoral votes and Gore at 266, the Florida results likely determined the outcome of the 2000 presidential election. In comparison, counties that used paper ballots scanned by computers at voting places (in order to give voters a chance to correct their ballot if it had an error) had just 1 in 200 uncountable ballots. The result, released Nov. 11, 2001, was something of a muddle. "[6] The U.S. Commission on Civil Rights found that an "overall lack of leadership in protecting voting rights was largely responsible for the broad array of problems in Florida during the 2000 election. [11] If the board discovered an error that in its judgment could affect the outcome of the election, they were then authorized to do a full recount of the ballots. rejected the decision of the us supreme court on the hand recount. None of these findings are certain. Corrections? [a] As of the 2020 presidential election[update], this is the last election in which the Democratic candidate won Pasco County or Hernando County. A full, official recount of all votes statewide could have gone either way, but one was never conducted. Controversies included: Many voters in Palm Beach County who intended to vote for Gore actually marked their ballots for Pat Buchanan or spoiled their ballots because they found the ballot's layout to be confusing. [9] Some late momentum for Gore and his Jewish running mate Joe Lieberman may have come from southern Florida's significant Jewish population. Trained investigators examined 175,010 ballots provided by local election officials. It was ostensibly completed on November 10 in the 66 Florida counties that used vote-counting machines and reduced Bush's lead to 327 votes. On December 8, in a 43 decision, the Florida Supreme Court ordered immediate manual recounts of undervotes for the office of president in all counties where such recounts had not already taken place. 2000 United States presidential election recount in Florida, NORC-sponsored Florida Ballot Project recount, County-by-county standards for write-in overvotes in 2000. What did the U.S. Supreme Court decide in, https://www.britannica.com/event/Bush-v-Gore, Cornell University Law School - Bush Versus Gore, Bush v. Gore - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), sample butterfly ballot from Florida, 2000. There were also small but measurable differences in the way that the "neutral" investigators counted certain types of ballots, an indication that different counters might have come up with slightly different numbers. Since then, we have seen several elections in which exit polling over-sampled voters with college and post-college educations possibly because these voters are more willing to complete an exit poll "ballot" as they leave their polling place. United States presidential election of 2000, A History of U.S. Presidential Elections in Maps. Do you think the Supreme Court was right to halt the recount in Florida? Would it have been possible to have some other non-partisan judges hear the Bush v Gore case? [4] Once it became clear that Florida would decide the presidential election, the nation's attention focused on the manual recount. In punchcard counties, 1 in 25 ballots had uncountable presidential votes. Could 2020 Be the Same. These convoluted ballot designs led to calls for election and voting reform, and some states installed electronic voting machines to ensure greater accuracy in future elections. [36], The project's goal was to determine the reliability and accuracy of the systems used in the voting process, including how different systems correlated with voter mistakes. [15]. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). County officials tried to discern voter intent through a cloud of hanging chads (incompletely punched paper ballots) and pregnant chads (paper ballots that were dimpled, but not pierced, during the voting process), as well as overvotes (ballots that recorded multiple votes for the same office) and undervotes (ballots that recorded no vote for a given office). hide caption. [78] Among the nearly 85,000 Votomatic overvotes in the sample, only 721 reclaimable votes were confirmed in the NORC study. At NPR, the advice from election-night guest Andrew Kohut, the director of the Pew Research Center, was to hold off on calling Florida. That could skew toward an unusual number of young voters, women voters and people of color. [2] That deadline arrived two hours after the release of the Court's decision. The 2000 United States presidential election in Florida took place on November 7, 2000, as part of the nationwide presidential election. Circle Countries that came under the rule of a fascist government and dictator before WWII began Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. A: There is currently no strong evidence that acetaminophen use during pregnancy causes autism or ADHD in children. The small margin produced an automatic recount under Florida state law, which began the day after the election. [84] A Gore win was impossible without a recount of overvotes, which he did not request; however, faxes between Judge Terry Lewis and the canvassing boards throughout the state indicated that Lewis, who oversaw the recount effort, intended to have overvotes counted.[81]. Their chosen electors then vote for president and vice president. A Project of The Annenberg Public Policy Center, Under the two most likely scenarios, Bush Wins Florida, Florida voter errors cost Gore the election. The Republicans appealed that ruling to the U.S. Supreme Court, which voted 7-2 to end the Florida court's ordered recount. The next day, Gore sued under Florida's statutory construct of the "contest phase". What good and Ideas came from china ? The newspaper said that Gore might have won narrowly if lenient standards were used that counted every mark on a ballot. Direct link to ayushkadri's post No. Once the closeness of the election in Florida was clear, both the Bush and Gore campaigns organized themselves for the ensuing legal process. ballots recorded by the assigned review coders as either having "multiple marks" or no punches in the presidential section of ballots, or having indications of voter intent (that meet dynamic filter criteria) recorded by just one of three coders. The ruling effectively awarded Floridas 25 votes in the electoral collegeand thus the election itselfto Republican candidate George W. Bush. Dr. Gary King of Harvard University applied statistical modeling to determine that the best estimate for the impact of illegal votes would reduce the certified vote margin for Bush from 537 to 245. Cauchon, Dennis and Jim Drinkard. Thus the project included a sample within less than 1% of the expected total of votes.[78]. BDO Seidman's results, reported in USA Today, show that under the strictest standard, where only a cleanly punched ballot with a fully removed chad was counted, Gore's margin was three votes. According to the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, "the vast majority of issues in Florida during the 2000 election were caused by an overall lack of leadership in preserving voting rights." In Florida in 2000, how many votes did Pat Buchanan receive? By 8 p.m. For the results of the previous election, see United States presidential election of 1996. According to standards being applied by each county at the time. His Democratic opponent, Al Gore, officially conceded on December 13 and stated in a televised address, While I strongly disagree with the courts decision, I accept it.. Rachel Bucchino is a reporter at theNational Interest. Florida state law at the time allowed a candidate to request a manual recount by protesting the results of at least three precincts. Under Florida election law, a machine recount of all votes cast was required because the margin of victory was less than 0.5 percent.
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